Improvement in earth-augers



J. P. SUMMERS.

Earth-Auger.

N 165 376 Patentedluly 6,1875.

-Fig.l.

Witnesses} Inventor:

N-PFIERS. FHDTO-LITHOGRAFHEW. WASHINGTGN; C

the cylinder by a hinge,

UNITED STATES PATENT f OFFICE.

JOHN P. SUMMERS, OF TIFFIN, OHIO.

IMPROVEMENT IN EA R TH-A UGERS.

Specification forming part of Letters Patent No. [65,376, dated July 6,1875; application filed May 24,- 1875.

To all whom it may concern:

Be it known that I, JOHN P. SUMMERS, of Tiffin, in the State of Ohio,have invented an Earth-Boring Auger, of which the following is aspecification:

The object of my machine is to rapidly bore holes in the ground, of anysize, for wells or other purposes; and the following is a fulldescription of the same, reference being had to the accompanying drawingand letters of reference marked thereon, of which Figure 1 is aperspective view of my invention. Fig. 2 is a View of the bottom of thecylinder, with the bit B'or bottom of the cylinder open. Fig. 3 is aview of the movable reamer and conveyer, showing the manner ofconnecting it to the top of the cylinder. Fig. 4 is a view of the hookwhich fastens the bottom or bit B to the cylinder, and showing itsmanner of connection.

A, Fig. 1, is a cylinder, the same as used in my invention granted byLetters Patent 14th September 1869, No. 94,923. B represents a bit madeof one piece of steel, in an oval form, with gain-twist, and fastened toO, on one side, and a hook, D, on the opposite side, forming the bot tomof the cylinder. When unfastened, the

. bit B swings down and opens. Near where the cutting part of the bit Bis hooked to the 7 cylinder there is a bend, which projects be yond theline of the cylinder, for the purpose of making a hole larger than thecylinder, thereby leaving a passage for the air or water to pass down onthe outside of the cylinder, thus preventing any suction in hoisting.

When working in quicksand, or where it is necessary to use pipes ortubing to keep the hole open, I attach a small self-adjustable bit, F,by a hinge, to the bit B on the upper side and near one edge, pressingagainst the bottom of the cylinder when in operation. The cutting partof this self-adjustable bit F extends enough beyond the line of thecylinder to cut a hole large enough to allow the pipes to be loweredonthe outside of the cylinder, and falls down completely out of the wayof the pipe in hoisting and passing up through the same.

This self-adjustable bit F is made of steel, but is flat upon the upperside. The lower part is in the scoop form.

In the inside of the cylinder A, attached to the side near the bottom bya hinge, and which, when shut, covers the opening in the bit B, is avalve, X, Fig. 2. This valve l at 'tach when boring in quicksand, orwhere. there is water. It allows sand and water to come into thecylinder, but none to pass out.

Near the top on the inside of the cylinder I fasten, by a hinge, themovable steel reamer and conveyer G. Being movable, it can be madeto'cut any amount to the full size of the scoop by bolting differentthicknesses of blocks between it and the inside of the cylinder. Thescoop shape of this reamer and conveyer carries all that it cutsdirectly into the cylinder, which is a great improvement. over the knifenow in use, as the latter allows the earth to drop down on the outside,and often clogs up the hole. Upon the opposite and outside of thecylinder I attach a block, H, which extends around about a third of thecircumference of the cylinder A, and about a third of the length of thecylinder down from the top. This block may be of any thickness, and isso constructed as to push the auger over and cause the movable reamerand conveyer G to make a deeper cut. This block H is fastened to thecylinder by rods running through it, and held by nuts in the inside ofthe cylinder. The heads of the bolts are sunk into the blocks so as tobe even or below the surface. By using a cylinder of sixteen inches indiameter, I can cut with my reamer and conveyer G a hole, twenty-fourinches in diameter.

The operation of my invention is as follows: I first use the bit B withthe cylinder A. Power being applied to the arms Q Q in the usual manner,as the cylinder revolves the bit B grapples or bores down. The soil isforced around through the gain-twist into the cylinder. When full it israised, the bottom unfastened by moving the hook D out of the eye P inthe bit B, and the bottom swings down and open, letting the contents ofthe cylinder pass out. To make the hole larger, I attach the movablereamer and conveyer G, regulating it in the manner hereinbeforedescribed. As the cylinder revolves, the toe end or cutting part of thereamer and conveyer is forced into the ground around the cylinder,cutting the same and throwing it into the cylinder. To make the holestill larger, the block H is attached as hereinbefore described. Thisforces the cylinder over against the opposite side, caus ing the movablereamer and conveyer Gr, when the cylinder is revolved, to make thesecond out. To make the hole larger, I put on a thicker block andproceed as before described. With blocks of this description, I can cuta hole of any size.

In quicksand and'water I use the extra single small self-adj ustable bitF and valve X, the self-adjustable bit Fcutting beyond the lineof thecylinder enough to allow piping to be lowered at the same time. Inraising the cylinders the valve X closes, and the self-adjustable bit Ffolds in and passes through the pipe, spreading out again when thecylinder is lowered and commences cutting. The bit B of my anger, beingmade in an oval form, with gain-twist and open center, prevents allpivoting on stones, 8230., which is a great im-- provement over thosenow in use.

I claim as my invention- 1. A movable reamer and conveyer, G,

hinged to the bucket at one end, and adjusted -X, substantially asherein described.

5. The combination of the cylinder A, bit B, movable reamer and conveyerG, movable blocks H, small self-adjustable bit F, and valve X,substantially as and for the purposes herein set forth and described.

JOHN P. SUMMERS.

Witnesses:

GEo. D. LooMIs, J. S. BYERS.

